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Rusty crayfish
The rusty crayfish, ''Orconectes rusticus'', is a large, aggressive species of freshwater crayfish which is native to the U.S. states of Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, and Tennessee. Its range is rapidly expanding in North America, displacing native crayfishes in the process:〔 it is known to have reached New England, Ontario, Illinois, Wisconsin, Michigan, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Colorado, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and even Manitoba. The rusty crayfish was first captured in Illinois in 1973, and has been collected at over 20 locations in the northern portion of the state.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Exotic crayfish )〕 In 2005, ''O. rusticus'' was found for the first time west of the Continental Divide, in the John Day River, Oregon, which drains into the Columbia River.
==Identification==
Adult Rusty crayfish can reach lengths of over 8 centimeters, and can range in color from greenish grey, to reddish brown,〔Bovbjerg, Richard V. "Comparative Ecology and Physiology of the Crayfish, Orconectes Propinquus and Cambarus Fodiens." JSTOR. Chicago Journals, Jan. 1952. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30160911?seq=9.〕〔Pintor, Lauren M., and Andrew Sih. "Differences in Growth and Foraging Behavior of Native and Introduced Populations of an Invasive Crayfish." Biological Invasions 11.8 (2009): 1895-902. Web.〕〔Rabalais, M. R., and D. D. Magoulick. "Influence of an Invasive Crayfish Species on Diurnal Habitat Use and Selection by a Native Crayfish Species in an Ozark Stream." The American Midland Naturalist 155.2 (2006): 295-306. Web. 1 Nov. 2014.〕 They can be easily recognized by two "rusty", reddish colored spots on the sides of their back and their large front claws with blank bands around the tips.〔Jensen, Doug. "Rusty Crayfish | Aquatic Invasive Species | Minnesota Sea Grant." Rusty Crayfish | Aquatic Invasive Species | Minnesota Sea Grant. Minnesota Sea Grant, 26 July 2013. Web. 20 May 2015. .〕 Male Rusty crayfish have small hook-like features on their first pair of hind legs that they use to hold onto a female while mating.〔Gunderson, Jeffrey. "Rusty Crayfish Gender Identification." Rusty Crayfish Gender Identification. Debbie Bowen, 28 Sept. 2001. Web. 20 May 2015. .〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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